The lateral superior olive: a functional role in sound source localization.
نویسنده
چکیده
Sound location in azimuth is signaled by differences in the times of arrival (interaural time difference, ITDs) and the amplitudes (interaural level differences, ILDs) of the stimuli at the ears. Psychophysical studies have shown that low- and high-frequency sounds are localized based on ITDs and ILDs, respectively, suggesting that dual mechanisms mediate localization. The anatomical and physiological bases for this "duplex theory" of localization are found in the medial (MSO) and lateral (LSO) superior olives, two of the most peripheral sites in the ascending auditory pathway receiving inputs from both ears. The MSO and LSO are believed to be responsible for the initial encoding of ITDs and ILDs, respectively. Here the author focuses on ILDs as a cue to location and the role of the LSO in encoding ILDs. Evidence from disparate fields of study supports the hypothesis that the LSO is the initial ILD processor in the mammalian auditory system.
منابع مشابه
Analysis of Sensory Coding in the Lateral Superior Olive
The fundamental questions of sensory neuroscience are how neurons encode information and how neurons extract (process) information. For example, in the auditory system, sound location is determined by a combination of amplitude and time cues. The Lateral Superior Olive (LSO), one of the first nuclei to receive inputs from both ears, is thought to extract high-frequency localization information ...
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Differences in intensity and arrival time of sounds at the two ears, interaural intensity and time differences (IID, ITD), are the chief cues for sound localization. Both cues are initially processed in the superior olivary complex (SOC) which projects to the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (DNLL) and the auditory midbrain. Here we present basic response properties of low frequency (<2 ...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry
دوره 9 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2003